SAMPADA Level 1 Practice Test

Vivadi swaras are those notes that can sound dissonant in many ragas, especially when used without careful rendering. In the traditional classification of vivadi notes, there are four that are grouped as the latest or most elevated in this sense: ShatSruti Nishada, ShatSruti Rishabha, Suddha Nishada, and Suddha Gandhara. The option Suddha Gandhara belongs to this quartet, which is why it is listed as one of the four latest vivadi swaras. The other choices represent different variants of swaras that aren’t part of this specific set.